1. Life Processes (Jaiv Prakram)

Simple Concept: Wo saari activities jo ek jeev ko zinda rakhne ke liye zaroori hain.

Nutrition:

Autotrophic: Plants jo photosynthesis se khana banate hain.

Heterotrophic: Jo dusron par nirbhar hain (Humans, Amoeba).

Respiration: Khane se energy nikalna. (Aerobic - Oxygen ke sath; Anaerobic - Oxygen ke bina).

Transportation: Blood ke zariye Oxygen aur Nutrients ko pure sharir mein pahunchana. Heart "Pumping Organ" hai.

Excretion: Sharir se ganda kachra (Nitrogenous waste) bahar nikalna. Isme Nephron main unit hai.

2. Control and Coordination (Niyantran aur Samanvaya)

Nervous System: Brain aur Spinal cord hamare sharir ke main control centers hain.

Neuron: Nerve system ki basic unit jo electrical signals bhejti hai.

Reflex Action: Achanak hone wala reaction (Jaise garam bartan ko chhune par hath hatana).

Hormones:

Insulin: Sugar control karta hai.

Adrenaline: Emergency situation mein madad karta hai.

Thyroxine: Growth control karta hai.

3. How do Organisms Reproduce? (Jeev Janan Kaise Karte Hain?)

Asexual Reproduction: Ek hi parent se naya jeev banna (Fission, Budding, Fragmentation).

Sexual Reproduction: Do parents (Male aur Female) ka hona zaroori hai.

In Plants: Flower ke parts (Stamen aur Carpel) aur Seed formation.

In Humans: Male and Female reproductive systems aur bacchon ke janm ki prakriya.

4. Heredity and Evolution (Anuvanshikta aur Vikas)

Heredity: Maa-baap se bacchon mein guno (traits) ka transfer hona.

Mendel’s Contribution: Gregor Mendel ne bataya ki traits kaise transfer hote hain (Tall vs Dwarf plants).

Sex Determination: In humans, male (XY) decide karta hai ki baccha boy hoga ya girl (XX).

Evolution: (Note: Naye syllabus ke mutabiq Evolution ka bada hissa kam kar diya gaya hai, lekin Basic variations zaroori hain).

5. Our Environment (Hamara Paryavaran)

Ecosystem: Living (Plants/Animals) aur Non-living (Air/Water) ka rishta.

Food Chain: Kaun kise khata hai (Producer -> Consumer -> Decomposer).

10% Law: Ek level se dusre level tak sirf 10% energy hi pahunchti hai.

Ozone Layer: Ye humein Surya ki khatarnak UV rays se bachati hai. Iska khatma CFCs ki wajah se ho raha hai.